RingRacers/src/r_data.c

// DR. ROBOTNIK'S RING RACERS
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2024 by Kart Krew.
// Copyright (C) 2020 by Sonic Team Junior.
// Copyright (C) 2000 by DooM Legacy Team.
// Copyright (C) 1996 by id Software, Inc.
//
// This program is free software distributed under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.
// See the 'LICENSE' file for more details.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// \file  r_data.c
/// \brief Preparation of data for rendering, generation of lookups, caching, retrieval by name

#include "doomdef.h"
#include "g_game.h"
#include "i_video.h"
#include "r_local.h"
#include "r_sky.h"
#include "p_local.h"
#include "m_misc.h"
#include "r_data.h"
#include "r_textures.h"
#include "r_patch.h"
#include "r_picformats.h"
#include "w_wad.h"
#include "z_zone.h"
#include "p_setup.h" // levelflats
#include "v_video.h" // pMasterPalette
#include "f_finale.h" // wipes
#include "byteptr.h"
#include "dehacked.h"

// DRRR
#include "k_brightmap.h"

//
// Graphics.
// SRB2 graphics for walls and sprites
// is stored in vertical runs of opaque pixels (posts).
// A column is composed of zero or more posts,
// a patch or sprite is composed of zero or more columns.
//

size_t numspritelumps, max_spritelumps;

// needed for pre rendering
sprcache_t *spritecachedinfo;

lighttable_t *colormaps;
UINT8 *encoremap;

// for debugging/info purposes
size_t flatmemory, spritememory, texturememory;

// highcolor stuff
INT16 color8to16[256]; // remap color index to highcolor rgb value
INT16 *hicolormaps; // test a 32k colormap remaps high -> high

// Blends two pixels together, using the equation
// that matches the specified alpha style.
UINT32 ASTBlendPixel(RGBA_t background, RGBA_t foreground, int style, UINT8 alpha)
{
	RGBA_t output;
	INT16 fullalpha = (alpha - (0xFF - foreground.s.alpha));
	if (style == AST_TRANSLUCENT)
	{
		if (fullalpha <= 0)
			output.rgba = background.rgba;
		else
		{
			// don't go too high
			if (fullalpha >= 0xFF)
				fullalpha = 0xFF;
			alpha = (UINT8)fullalpha;

			// if the background pixel is empty,
			// match software and don't blend anything
			if (!background.s.alpha)
			{
				// ...unless the foreground pixel ISN'T actually translucent.
				if (alpha == 0xFF)
					output.rgba = foreground.rgba;
				else
					output.rgba = 0;
			}
			else
			{
				UINT8 beta = (0xFF - alpha);
				output.s.red = ((background.s.red * beta) + (foreground.s.red * alpha)) / 0xFF;
				output.s.green = ((background.s.green * beta) + (foreground.s.green * alpha)) / 0xFF;
				output.s.blue = ((background.s.blue * beta) + (foreground.s.blue * alpha)) / 0xFF;
				output.s.alpha = 0xFF;
			}
		}
		return output.rgba;
	}
#define clamp_rgb(c) max(min(c, 0xFF), 0x00);
	else
	{
		float falpha = ((float)alpha / 255.0f);
		float fr = ((float)foreground.s.red * falpha);
		float fg = ((float)foreground.s.green * falpha);
		float fb = ((float)foreground.s.blue * falpha);
		if (style == AST_ADD)
		{
			output.s.red = clamp_rgb((int)(background.s.red + fr));
			output.s.green = clamp_rgb((int)(background.s.green + fg));
			output.s.blue = clamp_rgb((int)(background.s.blue + fb));
		}
		else if (style == AST_SUBTRACT)
		{
			output.s.red = clamp_rgb((int)(background.s.red - fr));
			output.s.green = clamp_rgb((int)(background.s.green - fg));
			output.s.blue = clamp_rgb((int)(background.s.blue - fb));
		}
		else if (style == AST_REVERSESUBTRACT)
		{
			output.s.red = clamp_rgb((int)((-background.s.red) + fr));
			output.s.green = clamp_rgb((int)((-background.s.green) + fg));
			output.s.blue = clamp_rgb((int)((-background.s.blue) + fb));
		}
		else if (style == AST_MODULATE)
		{
			fr = ((float)foreground.s.red / 256.0f);
			fg = ((float)foreground.s.green / 256.0f);
			fb = ((float)foreground.s.blue / 256.0f);
			output.s.red = clamp_rgb((int)(background.s.red * fr));
			output.s.green = clamp_rgb((int)(background.s.green * fg));
			output.s.blue = clamp_rgb((int)(background.s.blue * fb));
		}
		// just copy the pixel
		else if (style == AST_COPY)
			output.rgba = foreground.rgba;

		output.s.alpha = 0xFF;
		return output.rgba;
	}
#undef clamp_rgb
	return 0;
}

INT32 ASTTextureBlendingThreshold[2] = {255/11, (10*255/11)};

// Blends a pixel for a texture patch.
UINT32 ASTBlendTexturePixel(RGBA_t background, RGBA_t foreground, int style, UINT8 alpha)
{
	// Alpha style set to translucent?
	if (style == AST_TRANSLUCENT)
	{
		// Is the alpha small enough for translucency?
		if (alpha <= ASTTextureBlendingThreshold[1])
		{
			// Is the patch way too translucent? Don't blend then.
			if (alpha < ASTTextureBlendingThreshold[0])
				return background.rgba;

			return ASTBlendPixel(background, foreground, style, alpha);
		}
		else // just copy the pixel
			return foreground.rgba;
	}
	else
		return ASTBlendPixel(background, foreground, style, alpha);
}

// Blends two palette indexes for a texture patch, then
// finds the nearest palette index from the blended output.
UINT8 ASTBlendPaletteIndexes(UINT8 background, UINT8 foreground, int style, UINT8 alpha)
{
	// Alpha style set to translucent?
	if (style == AST_TRANSLUCENT)
	{
		// Is the alpha small enough for translucency?
		if (alpha <= ASTTextureBlendingThreshold[1])
		{
			UINT8 *mytransmap;
			INT32 trans;

			// Is the patch way too translucent? Don't blend then.
			if (alpha < ASTTextureBlendingThreshold[0])
				return background;

			// The equation's not exact but it works as intended. I'll call it a day for now.
			trans = (8*(alpha) + 255/8)/(255 - 255/11);
			mytransmap = R_GetTranslucencyTable(trans + 1);
			if (background != 0xFF)
				return *(mytransmap + (background<<8) + foreground);
		}
		else // just copy the pixel
			return foreground;
	}
	// just copy the pixel
	else if (style == AST_COPY)
		return foreground;
	// use ASTBlendPixel for all other blend modes
	// and find the nearest colour in the palette
	else if (style != AST_TRANSLUCENT)
	{
		RGBA_t texel;
		RGBA_t bg = V_GetMasterColor(background);
		RGBA_t fg = V_GetMasterColor(foreground);
		texel.rgba = ASTBlendPixel(bg, fg, style, alpha);
		return NearestColor(texel.s.red, texel.s.green, texel.s.blue);
	}
	// fallback if all above fails, somehow
	// return the background pixel
	return background;
}

#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
static lumplist_t *colormaplumps = NULL; ///\todo free leak
static size_t numcolormaplumps = 0;

static inline lumpnum_t R_CheckNumForNameList(const char *name, lumplist_t *list, size_t listsize)
{
	size_t i;
	UINT16 lump;

	for (i = listsize - 1; i < INT16_MAX; i--)
	{
		lump = W_CheckNumForNamePwad(name, list[i].wadfile, list[i].firstlump);
		if (lump == INT16_MAX || lump > (list[i].firstlump + list[i].numlumps))
			continue;
		else
			return (list[i].wadfile<<16)+lump;
	}
	return LUMPERROR;
}

static void R_InitExtraColormaps(void)
{
	lumpnum_t startnum, endnum;
	UINT16 cfile, clump;
	static size_t maxcolormaplumps = 16;

	for (cfile = clump = 0; cfile < numwadfiles; cfile++, clump = 0)
	{
		startnum = W_CheckNumForNamePwad("C_START", cfile, clump);
		if (startnum == INT16_MAX)
			continue;

		endnum = W_CheckNumForNamePwad("C_END", cfile, clump);

		if (endnum == INT16_MAX)
			I_Error("R_InitExtraColormaps: C_START without C_END\n");

		// This shouldn't be possible when you use the Pwad function, silly
		//if (WADFILENUM(startnum) != WADFILENUM(endnum))
			//I_Error("R_InitExtraColormaps: C_START and C_END in different wad files!\n");

		if (numcolormaplumps >= maxcolormaplumps)
			maxcolormaplumps *= 2;
		colormaplumps = Z_Realloc(colormaplumps,
			sizeof (*colormaplumps) * maxcolormaplumps, PU_STATIC, NULL);
		colormaplumps[numcolormaplumps].wadfile = cfile;
		colormaplumps[numcolormaplumps].firstlump = startnum+1;
		colormaplumps[numcolormaplumps].numlumps = endnum - (startnum + 1);
		numcolormaplumps++;
	}
	CONS_Printf(M_GetText("Number of Extra Colormaps: %s\n"), sizeu1(numcolormaplumps));
}
#endif

//
// R_InitColormaps
//
void R_InitColormaps(void)
{
	size_t len;
	lumpnum_t lump;

	// Load in the light tables
	lump = W_GetNumForName("COLORMAP");
	len = W_LumpLength(lump);
	if (len < COLORMAP_SIZE*2) // accomodate encore mode later
		len = COLORMAP_SIZE*2;
	colormaps = Z_MallocAlign(len, PU_STATIC, NULL, 8);
	W_ReadLump(lump, colormaps);
	// no need to init encoremap at this stage

	// Init Boom colormaps.
	R_ClearColormaps();

#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
	R_InitExtraColormaps();
#endif
}

void R_ReInitColormaps(UINT16 num, void *newencoremap, size_t encoremapsize)
{
	char colormap[9] = "COLORMAP";
	lumpnum_t lump;
	const lumpnum_t basecolormaplump = W_GetNumForName(colormap);
	if (num > 0 && num <= 10000)
		snprintf(colormap, 8, "CLM%04u", num-1);

	// Load in the light tables, now 64k aligned for smokie...
	lump = W_GetNumForName(colormap);
	if (lump == LUMPERROR)
		lump = basecolormaplump;
	else
	{
		if (W_LumpLength(lump) != W_LumpLength(basecolormaplump))
		{
			CONS_Alert(CONS_WARNING, "%s lump size does not match COLORMAP, results may be unexpected.\n", colormap);
		}
	}

	W_ReadLumpHeader(lump, colormaps, W_LumpLength(basecolormaplump), 0U);

	// Encore mode.
	if (newencoremap)
	{
		lighttable_t *colormap_p, *colormap_p2;
		size_t p, i;

		I_Assert(encoremapsize == 256);

		encoremap = Z_MallocAlign(256 + 10, PU_LEVEL, NULL, 8);
		M_Memcpy(encoremap, newencoremap, encoremapsize);
		colormap_p = colormap_p2 = colormaps;
		colormap_p += COLORMAP_REMAPOFFSET;

		for (p = 0; p < LIGHTLEVELS; p++)
		{
			for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
			{
				*colormap_p = colormap_p2[encoremap[i]];
				colormap_p++;
			}
			colormap_p2 += 256;
		}
	}
	else
		encoremap = NULL;

	// Init Boom colormaps.
	R_ClearColormaps();
}

//
// R_ClearColormaps
//
// Clears out extra colormaps between levels.
//
void R_ClearColormaps(void)
{
	// Purged by PU_LEVEL, just overwrite the pointer
	extra_colormaps = R_CreateDefaultColormap(true);
}

//
// R_CreateDefaultColormap()
// NOTE: The result colormap is not added to the extra_colormaps chain. You must do that yourself!
//
extracolormap_t *R_CreateDefaultColormap(boolean lighttable)
{
	extracolormap_t *exc = Z_Calloc(sizeof (*exc), PU_LEVEL, NULL);
	exc->fadestart = 0;
	exc->fadeend = 31;
	exc->flags = 0;
	exc->rgba = 0;
	exc->fadergba = 0x19000000;
	exc->colormap = lighttable ? R_CreateLightTable(exc) : NULL;
#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
	exc->lump = LUMPERROR;
	exc->lumpname[0] = 0;
#endif
	exc->next = exc->prev = NULL;
	return exc;
}

//
// R_GetDefaultColormap()
//
extracolormap_t *R_GetDefaultColormap(void)
{
#ifdef COLORMAPREVERSELIST
	extracolormap_t *exc;
#endif

	if (!extra_colormaps)
		return (extra_colormaps = R_CreateDefaultColormap(true));

#ifdef COLORMAPREVERSELIST
	for (exc = extra_colormaps; exc->next; exc = exc->next);
	return exc;
#else
	return extra_colormaps;
#endif
}

//
// R_CopyColormap()
// NOTE: The result colormap is not added to the extra_colormaps chain. You must do that yourself!
//
extracolormap_t *R_CopyColormap(extracolormap_t *extra_colormap, boolean lighttable)
{
	extracolormap_t *exc = Z_Calloc(sizeof (*exc), PU_LEVEL, NULL);

	if (!extra_colormap)
		extra_colormap = R_GetDefaultColormap();

	*exc = *extra_colormap;
	exc->next = exc->prev = NULL;

#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
	strncpy(exc->lumpname, extra_colormap->lumpname, 9);

	if (exc->lump != LUMPERROR && lighttable)
	{
		// aligned on 8 bit for asm code
		exc->colormap = Z_MallocAlign(W_LumpLength(lump), PU_LEVEL, NULL, 16);
		W_ReadLump(lump, exc->colormap);
	}
	else
#endif
	if (lighttable)
		exc->colormap = R_CreateLightTable(exc);
	else
		exc->colormap = NULL;

	return exc;
}

//
// R_AddColormapToList
//
// Sets prev/next chain for extra_colormaps var
// Copypasta from P_AddFFloorToList
//
void R_AddColormapToList(extracolormap_t *extra_colormap)
{
#ifndef COLORMAPREVERSELIST
	extracolormap_t *exc;
#endif

	if (!extra_colormaps)
	{
		extra_colormaps = extra_colormap;
		extra_colormap->next = 0;
		extra_colormap->prev = 0;
		return;
	}

#ifdef COLORMAPREVERSELIST
	extra_colormaps->prev = extra_colormap;
	extra_colormap->next = extra_colormaps;
	extra_colormaps = extra_colormap;
	extra_colormap->prev = 0;
#else
	for (exc = extra_colormaps; exc->next; exc = exc->next);

	exc->next = extra_colormap;
	extra_colormap->prev = exc;
	extra_colormap->next = 0;
#endif
}

//
// R_CheckDefaultColormapByValues()
//
#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
boolean R_CheckDefaultColormapByValues(boolean checkrgba, boolean checkfadergba, boolean checkparams,
	INT32 rgba, INT32 fadergba, UINT8 fadestart, UINT8 fadeend, UINT8 flags, lumpnum_t lump)
#else
boolean R_CheckDefaultColormapByValues(boolean checkrgba, boolean checkfadergba, boolean checkparams,
	INT32 rgba, INT32 fadergba, UINT8 fadestart, UINT8 fadeend, UINT8 flags)
#endif
{
	return (
		(!checkparams ? true :
			(fadestart == 0
				&& fadeend == 31
				&& !flags)
			)
		&& (!checkrgba ? true : rgba == 0)
		&& (!checkfadergba ? true : fadergba == 0x19000000)
#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
		&& lump == LUMPERROR
		&& extra_colormap->lumpname[0] == 0
#endif
		);
}

boolean R_CheckDefaultColormap(extracolormap_t *extra_colormap, boolean checkrgba, boolean checkfadergba, boolean checkparams)
{
	if (!extra_colormap)
		return true;

#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
	return R_CheckDefaultColormapByValues(checkrgba, checkfadergba, checkparams, extra_colormap->rgba, extra_colormap->fadergba, extra_colormap->fadestart, extra_colormap->fadeend, extra_colormap->flags, extra_colormap->lump);
#else
	return R_CheckDefaultColormapByValues(checkrgba, checkfadergba, checkparams, extra_colormap->rgba, extra_colormap->fadergba, extra_colormap->fadestart, extra_colormap->fadeend, extra_colormap->flags);
#endif
}

boolean R_CheckEqualColormaps(extracolormap_t *exc_a, extracolormap_t *exc_b, boolean checkrgba, boolean checkfadergba, boolean checkparams)
{
	// Treat NULL as default colormap
	// We need this because what if one exc is a default colormap, and the other is NULL? They're really both equal.
	if (!exc_a)
		exc_a = R_GetDefaultColormap();
	if (!exc_b)
		exc_b = R_GetDefaultColormap();

	if (exc_a == exc_b)
		return true;

	return (
		(!checkparams ? true :
			(exc_a->fadestart == exc_b->fadestart
				&& exc_a->fadeend == exc_b->fadeend
				&& exc_a->flags == exc_b->flags)
			)
		&& (!checkrgba ? true : exc_a->rgba == exc_b->rgba)
		&& (!checkfadergba ? true : exc_a->fadergba == exc_b->fadergba)
#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
		&& exc_a->lump == exc_b->lump
		&& !strncmp(exc_a->lumpname, exc_b->lumpname, 9)
#endif
		);
}

//
// R_GetColormapFromListByValues()
// NOTE: Returns NULL if no match is found
//
#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
extracolormap_t *R_GetColormapFromListByValues(INT32 rgba, INT32 fadergba, UINT8 fadestart, UINT8 fadeend, UINT8 flags, lumpnum_t lump)
#else
extracolormap_t *R_GetColormapFromListByValues(INT32 rgba, INT32 fadergba, UINT8 fadestart, UINT8 fadeend, UINT8 flags)
#endif
{
	extracolormap_t *exc;
	UINT32 dbg_i = 0;

	for (exc = extra_colormaps; exc; exc = exc->next)
	{
		if (rgba == exc->rgba
			&& fadergba == exc->fadergba
			&& fadestart == exc->fadestart
			&& fadeend == exc->fadeend
			&& flags == exc->flags
#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
			&& (lump != LUMPERROR && lump == exc->lump)
#endif
		)
		{
			CONS_Debug(DBG_RENDER, "Found Colormap %d: rgba(%d,%d,%d,%d) fadergba(%d,%d,%d,%d)\n",
				dbg_i, R_GetRgbaR(rgba), R_GetRgbaG(rgba), R_GetRgbaB(rgba), R_GetRgbaA(rgba),
				R_GetRgbaR(fadergba), R_GetRgbaG(fadergba), R_GetRgbaB(fadergba), R_GetRgbaA(fadergba));
			return exc;
		}
		dbg_i++;
	}
	return NULL;
}

extracolormap_t *R_GetColormapFromList(extracolormap_t *extra_colormap)
{
#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
	return R_GetColormapFromListByValues(extra_colormap->rgba, extra_colormap->fadergba, extra_colormap->fadestart, extra_colormap->fadeend, extra_colormap->flags, extra_colormap->lump);
#else
	return R_GetColormapFromListByValues(extra_colormap->rgba, extra_colormap->fadergba, extra_colormap->fadestart, extra_colormap->fadeend, extra_colormap->flags);
#endif
}

#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
extracolormap_t *R_ColormapForName(char *name)
{
	lumpnum_t lump;
	extracolormap_t *exc;

	lump = R_CheckNumForNameList(name, colormaplumps, numcolormaplumps);
	if (lump == LUMPERROR)
		I_Error("R_ColormapForName: Cannot find colormap lump %.8s\n", name);

	exc = R_GetColormapFromListByValues(0, 0x19000000, 0, 31, 0, lump);
	if (exc)
		return exc;

	exc = Z_Calloc(sizeof (*exc), PU_LEVEL, NULL);

	exc->lump = lump;
	strncpy(exc->lumpname, name, 9);
	exc->lumpname[8] = 0;

	// aligned on 8 bit for asm code
	exc->colormap = Z_MallocAlign(W_LumpLength(lump), PU_LEVEL, NULL, 16);
	W_ReadLump(lump, exc->colormap);

	// We set all params of the colormap to normal because there
	// is no real way to tell how GL should handle a colormap lump anyway..
	exc->fadestart = 0;
	exc->fadeend = 31;
	exc->flags = 0;
	exc->rgba = 0;
	exc->fadergba = 0x19000000;

	R_AddColormapToList(exc);

	return exc;
}
#endif

//
// R_CreateColormapFromLinedef
//
// This is a more GL friendly way of doing colormaps: Specify colormap
// data in a special linedef's texture areas and use that to generate
// custom colormaps at runtime. NOTE: For GL mode, we only need to color
// data and not the colormap data.
//
static double brightChange[256], map[256][3];

static int RoundUp(double number);

lighttable_t *R_CreateLightTable(extracolormap_t *extra_colormap)
{
	double cmaskr, cmaskg, cmaskb, cdestr, cdestg, cdestb, cdestbright;
	double maskamt = 0, othermask = 0;
	double fmaskamt = 0, fothermask = 0;

	UINT8 cr = R_GetRgbaR(extra_colormap->rgba),
		cg = R_GetRgbaG(extra_colormap->rgba),
		cb = R_GetRgbaB(extra_colormap->rgba),
		ca = R_GetRgbaA(extra_colormap->rgba),
		cfr = R_GetRgbaR(extra_colormap->fadergba),
		cfg = R_GetRgbaG(extra_colormap->fadergba),
		cfb = R_GetRgbaB(extra_colormap->fadergba),
		cfa = R_GetRgbaA(extra_colormap->fadergba);

	UINT8 fadestart = extra_colormap->fadestart,
		fadedist = extra_colormap->fadeend - extra_colormap->fadestart;

	lighttable_t *lighttable = NULL;
	size_t i;

	/////////////////////
	// Calc the RGBA mask
	/////////////////////
	cmaskr = cr;
	cmaskg = cg;
	cmaskb = cb;

	maskamt = (double)(ca/24.0l);
	othermask = 1 - maskamt;
	maskamt /= 0xff;

	cmaskr *= maskamt;
	cmaskg *= maskamt;
	cmaskb *= maskamt;

	/////////////////////
	// Calc the RGBA fade mask
	/////////////////////
	cdestr = cfr;
	cdestg = cfg;
	cdestb = cfb;
	cdestbright = sqrt((cfr*cfr) + (cfg*cfg) + (cfb*cfb));

	fmaskamt = (double)(cfa/24.0l);
	fothermask = 1 - fmaskamt;
	//fmaskamt /= 0xff;

	(void)fothermask; // unused, but don't feel like commenting it out

	/////////////////////
	// This code creates the colormap array used by software renderer
	/////////////////////
	{
		double r, g, b, cbrightness, cbest, cdist;
		int p;
		lighttable_t *colormap_p;

		// Initialise the map and delta arrays
		// map[i] stores an RGB color (as double) for index i,
		//  which is then converted to SRB2's palette later
		// brightChange[i] is the value added/subtracted every step for the fade;
		//  map[i]'s values are in/decremented by it after each use
		for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
		{
			r = pMasterPalette[i].s.red;
			g = pMasterPalette[i].s.green;
			b = pMasterPalette[i].s.blue;
			cbrightness = sqrt((r*r) + (g*g) + (b*b));

			map[i][0] = (cbrightness * cmaskr) + (r * othermask);
			if (map[i][0] > 255.0l)
				map[i][0] = 255.0l;

			map[i][1] = (cbrightness * cmaskg) + (g * othermask);
			if (map[i][1] > 255.0l)
				map[i][1] = 255.0l;

			map[i][2] = (cbrightness * cmaskb) + (b * othermask);
			if (map[i][2] > 255.0l)
				map[i][2] = 255.0l;

			// Get the "best" color.
			// Our brightest color's value, if we're fading to a darker color,
			// or our (inverted) darkest color's value, if we're fading to a brighter color.
			if (cbrightness < cdestbright)
			{
				cbest = 255.0l - min(r, min(g, b));
				cdist = 255.0l - max(cdestr, max(cdestg, cdestb));
			}
			else
			{
				cbest = max(r, max(g, b));
				cdist = min(cdestr, min(cdestg, cdestb));
			}

			// Add/subtract this value during fading.
			brightChange[i] = (fabs(cbest - cdist) / (double)fadedist) * fmaskamt;
		}

		// Now allocate memory for the actual colormap array itself!
		// aligned on 8 bit for asm code
		colormap_p = Z_MallocAlign((COLORMAP_SIZE * (encoremap ? 2 : 1)) + 10, PU_LEVEL, NULL, 8);
		lighttable = (UINT8 *)colormap_p;

		// Calculate the palette index for each palette index, for each light level
		// (as well as the two unused colormap lines we inherited from Doom)
		for (p = 0; p < LIGHTLEVELS; p++)
		{
			for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
			{
				*colormap_p = NearestColor((UINT8)RoundUp(map[i][0]),
					(UINT8)RoundUp(map[i][1]),
					(UINT8)RoundUp(map[i][2]));
				colormap_p++;

				if ((UINT32)p < fadestart)
					continue;

				// Add/subtract towards the destination color.
				if (fabs(map[i][0] - cdestr) <= brightChange[i])
					map[i][0] = cdestr;
				else if (map[i][0] > cdestr)
					map[i][0] -= brightChange[i];
				else
					map[i][0] += brightChange[i];

				if (fabs(map[i][1] - cdestg) <= brightChange[i])
					map[i][1] = cdestg;
				else if (map[i][1] > cdestg)
					map[i][1] -= brightChange[i];
				else
					map[i][1] += brightChange[i];

				if (fabs(map[i][2] - cdestb) <= brightChange[i])
					map[i][2] = cdestb;
				else if (map[i][2] > cdestb)
					map[i][2] -= brightChange[i];
				else
					map[i][2] += brightChange[i];
			}
		}

		if (encoremap)
		{
			lighttable_t *colormap_p2 = lighttable;

			for (p = 0; p < LIGHTLEVELS; p++)
			{
				for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
				{
					*colormap_p = colormap_p2[encoremap[i]];
					colormap_p++;
				}
				colormap_p2 += 256;
			}
		}
	}

	return lighttable;
}

extracolormap_t *R_CreateColormapFromLinedef(char *p1, char *p2, char *p3)
{
	// default values
	UINT8 cr = 0, cg = 0, cb = 0, ca = 0, cfr = 0, cfg = 0, cfb = 0, cfa = 25;
	UINT32 fadestart = 0, fadeend = 31;
	UINT8 flags = 0;
	INT32 rgba = 0, fadergba = 0x19000000;

#define HEX2INT(x) (UINT32)(x >= '0' && x <= '9' ? x - '0' : x >= 'a' && x <= 'f' ? x - 'a' + 10 : x >= 'A' && x <= 'F' ? x - 'A' + 10 : 0)
#define ALPHA2INT(x) (x >= 'a' && x <= 'z' ? x - 'a' : x >= 'A' && x <= 'Z' ? x - 'A' : x >= '0' && x <= '9' ? 25 : 0)

	// Get base colormap value
	// First alpha-only, then full value
	if (p1[0] >= 'a' && p1[0] <= 'z' && !p1[1])
		ca = (p1[0] - 'a');
	else if (p1[0] == '#' && p1[1] >= 'a' && p1[1] <= 'z' && !p1[2])
		ca = (p1[1] - 'a');
	else if (p1[0] >= 'A' && p1[0] <= 'Z' && !p1[1])
		ca = (p1[0] - 'A');
	else if (p1[0] == '#' && p1[1] >= 'A' && p1[1] <= 'Z' && !p1[2])
		ca = (p1[1] - 'A');
	else if (p1[0] == '#')
	{
		// For each subsequent value, the value before it must exist
		// If we don't get every value, then set alpha to max
		if (p1[1] && p1[2])
		{
			cr = ((HEX2INT(p1[1]) * 16) + HEX2INT(p1[2]));
			if (p1[3] && p1[4])
			{
				cg = ((HEX2INT(p1[3]) * 16) + HEX2INT(p1[4]));
				if (p1[5] && p1[6])
				{
					cb = ((HEX2INT(p1[5]) * 16) + HEX2INT(p1[6]));

					if (p1[7] >= 'a' && p1[7] <= 'z')
						ca = (p1[7] - 'a');
					else if (p1[7] >= 'A' && p1[7] <= 'Z')
						ca = (p1[7] - 'A');
					else
						ca = 25;
				}
				else
					ca = 25;
			}
			else
				ca = 25;
		}
		else
			ca = 25;
	}

#define NUMFROMCHAR(c) (c >= '0' && c <= '9' ? c - '0' : 0)

	// Get parameters like fadestart, fadeend, and flags
	if (p2[0] == '#')
	{
		if (p2[1])
		{
			flags = NUMFROMCHAR(p2[1]);
			if (p2[2] && p2[3])
			{
				fadestart = NUMFROMCHAR(p2[3]) + (NUMFROMCHAR(p2[2]) * 10);
				if (p2[4] && p2[5])
					fadeend = NUMFROMCHAR(p2[5]) + (NUMFROMCHAR(p2[4]) * 10);
			}
		}

		if (fadestart > 30)
			fadestart = 0;
		if (fadeend > 31 || fadeend < 1)
			fadeend = 31;
	}

#undef NUMFROMCHAR

	// Get fade (dark) colormap value
	// First alpha-only, then full value
	if (p3[0] >= 'a' && p3[0] <= 'z' && !p3[1])
		cfa = (p3[0] - 'a');
	else if (p3[0] == '#' && p3[1] >= 'a' && p3[1] <= 'z' && !p3[2])
		cfa = (p3[1] - 'a');
	else if (p3[0] >= 'A' && p3[0] <= 'Z' && !p3[1])
		cfa = (p3[0] - 'A');
	else if (p3[0] == '#' && p3[1] >= 'A' && p3[1] <= 'Z' && !p3[2])
		cfa = (p3[1] - 'A');
	else if (p3[0] == '#')
	{
		// For each subsequent value, the value before it must exist
		// If we don't get every value, then set alpha to max
		if (p3[1] && p3[2])
		{
			cfr = ((HEX2INT(p3[1]) * 16) + HEX2INT(p3[2]));
			if (p3[3] && p3[4])
			{
				cfg = ((HEX2INT(p3[3]) * 16) + HEX2INT(p3[4]));
				if (p3[5] && p3[6])
				{
					cfb = ((HEX2INT(p3[5]) * 16) + HEX2INT(p3[6]));

					if (p3[7] >= 'a' && p3[7] <= 'z')
						cfa = (p3[7] - 'a');
					else if (p3[7] >= 'A' && p3[7] <= 'Z')
						cfa = (p3[7] - 'A');
					else
						cfa = 25;
				}
				else
					cfa = 25;
			}
			else
				cfa = 25;
		}
		else
			cfa = 25;
	}
#undef ALPHA2INT
#undef HEX2INT

	if (encoremap)
	{
		UINT8 j = encoremap[NearestColor((UINT8)cr, (UINT8)cg, (UINT8)cb)];
		//CONS_Printf("R_CreateColormap: encoremap[%d] = %d\n", j, encoremap[j]);
		cr = pLocalPalette[j].s.red;
		cg = pLocalPalette[j].s.green;
		cb = pLocalPalette[j].s.blue;
	}

	// Pack rgba values into combined var
	// OpenGL also uses this instead of lighttables for rendering
	rgba = R_PutRgbaRGBA(cr, cg, cb, ca);
	fadergba = R_PutRgbaRGBA(cfr, cfg, cfb, cfa);

	return R_CreateColormap(rgba, fadergba, fadestart, fadeend, flags);
}

extracolormap_t *R_CreateColormap(INT32 rgba, INT32 fadergba, UINT8 fadestart, UINT8 fadeend, UINT8 flags)
{
	extracolormap_t *extra_colormap;

	// Did we just make a default colormap?
#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
	if (R_CheckDefaultColormapByValues(true, true, true, rgba, fadergba, fadestart, fadeend, flags, LUMPERROR))
		return NULL;
#else
	if (R_CheckDefaultColormapByValues(true, true, true, rgba, fadergba, fadestart, fadeend, flags))
		return NULL;
#endif

	// Look for existing colormaps
#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
	extra_colormap = R_GetColormapFromListByValues(rgba, fadergba, fadestart, fadeend, flags, LUMPERROR);
#else
	extra_colormap = R_GetColormapFromListByValues(rgba, fadergba, fadestart, fadeend, flags);
#endif
	if (extra_colormap)
		return extra_colormap;

	CONS_Debug(DBG_RENDER, "Creating Colormap: rgba(%x) fadergba(%x)\n", rgba, fadergba);

	extra_colormap = Z_Calloc(sizeof(*extra_colormap), PU_LEVEL, NULL);

	extra_colormap->fadestart = (UINT16)fadestart;
	extra_colormap->fadeend = (UINT16)fadeend;
	extra_colormap->flags = flags;

	extra_colormap->rgba = rgba;
	extra_colormap->fadergba = fadergba;

#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
	extra_colormap->lump = LUMPERROR;
	extra_colormap->lumpname[0] = 0;
#endif

	// Having lighttables for alpha-only entries is kind of pointless,
	// but if there happens to be a matching rgba entry that is NOT alpha-only (but has same rgb values),
	// then it needs this lighttable because we share matching entries.
	extra_colormap->colormap = R_CreateLightTable(extra_colormap);

	R_AddColormapToList(extra_colormap);

	return extra_colormap;
}

//
// R_AddColormaps()
// NOTE: The result colormap is not added to the extra_colormaps chain. You must do that yourself!
//
extracolormap_t *R_AddColormaps(extracolormap_t *exc_augend, extracolormap_t *exc_addend,
	boolean subR, boolean subG, boolean subB, boolean subA,
	boolean subFadeR, boolean subFadeG, boolean subFadeB, boolean subFadeA,
	boolean subFadeStart, boolean subFadeEnd, boolean ignoreFlags,
	boolean lighttable)
{
	INT16 red, green, blue, alpha;

	// exc_augend is added (or subtracted) onto by exc_addend
	// In Rennaisance times, the first number was considered the augend, the second number the addend
	// But since the commutative property was discovered, today they're both called addends!
	// So let's be Olde English for a hot second.

	exc_augend = R_CopyColormap(exc_augend, false);
	if(!exc_addend)
		exc_addend = R_GetDefaultColormap();

	///////////////////
	// base rgba
	///////////////////

	red = max(min(
		R_GetRgbaR(exc_augend->rgba)
			+ (subR ? -1 : 1) // subtract R
			* R_GetRgbaR(exc_addend->rgba)
		, 255), 0);

	green = max(min(
		R_GetRgbaG(exc_augend->rgba)
			+ (subG ? -1 : 1) // subtract G
			* R_GetRgbaG(exc_addend->rgba)
		, 255), 0);

	blue = max(min(
		R_GetRgbaB(exc_augend->rgba)
			+ (subB ? -1 : 1) // subtract B
			* R_GetRgbaB(exc_addend->rgba)
		, 255), 0);

	alpha = R_GetRgbaA(exc_addend->rgba);
	alpha = max(min(R_GetRgbaA(exc_augend->rgba) + (subA ? -1 : 1) * alpha, 25), 0);

	exc_augend->rgba = R_PutRgbaRGBA(red, green, blue, alpha);

	///////////////////
	// fade/dark rgba
	///////////////////

	red = max(min(
		R_GetRgbaR(exc_augend->fadergba)
			+ (subFadeR ? -1 : 1) // subtract R
			* R_GetRgbaR(exc_addend->fadergba)
		, 255), 0);

	green = max(min(
		R_GetRgbaG(exc_augend->fadergba)
			+ (subFadeG ? -1 : 1) // subtract G
			* R_GetRgbaG(exc_addend->fadergba)
		, 255), 0);

	blue = max(min(
		R_GetRgbaB(exc_augend->fadergba)
			+ (subFadeB ? -1 : 1) // subtract B
			* R_GetRgbaB(exc_addend->fadergba)
		, 255), 0);

	alpha = R_GetRgbaA(exc_addend->fadergba);
	if (alpha == 25 && !R_GetRgbaRGB(exc_addend->fadergba))
		alpha = 0; // HACK: fadergba A defaults at 25, so don't add anything in this case
	alpha = max(min(R_GetRgbaA(exc_augend->fadergba) + (subFadeA ? -1 : 1) * alpha, 25), 0);

	exc_augend->fadergba = R_PutRgbaRGBA(red, green, blue, alpha);

	///////////////////
	// parameters
	///////////////////

	exc_augend->fadestart = max(min(
		exc_augend->fadestart
			+ (subFadeStart ? -1 : 1) // subtract fadestart
			* exc_addend->fadestart
		, 31), 0);

	exc_augend->fadeend = max(min(
		exc_augend->fadeend
			+ (subFadeEnd ? -1 : 1) // subtract fadeend
			* (exc_addend->fadeend == 31 && !exc_addend->fadestart ? 0 : exc_addend->fadeend)
				// HACK: fadeend defaults to 31, so don't add anything in this case
		, 31), 0);

	if (!ignoreFlags) // overwrite flags with new value
		exc_augend->flags = exc_addend->flags;

	///////////////////
	// put it together
	///////////////////

	exc_augend->colormap = lighttable ? R_CreateLightTable(exc_augend) : NULL;
	exc_augend->next = exc_augend->prev = NULL;
	return exc_augend;
}

// Thanks to quake2 source!
// utils3/qdata/images.c
UINT8 NearestPaletteColor(UINT8 r, UINT8 g, UINT8 b, RGBA_t *palette)
{
	int dr, dg, db;
	int distortion, bestdistortion = 256 * 256 * 4, bestcolor = 0, i;

	// Use master palette if none specified
	if (palette == NULL)
		palette = pMasterPalette;

	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
		dr = r - palette[i].s.red;
		dg = g - palette[i].s.green;
		db = b - palette[i].s.blue;
		distortion = dr*dr + dg*dg + db*db;
		if (distortion < bestdistortion)
		{
			if (!distortion)
				return (UINT8)i;

			bestdistortion = distortion;
			bestcolor = i;
		}
	}

	return (UINT8)bestcolor;
}

// Rounds off floating numbers and checks for 0 - 255 bounds
static int RoundUp(double number)
{
	if (number > 255.0l)
		return 255;
	if (number < 0.0l)
		return 0;

	if ((int)number <= (int)(number - 0.5f))
		return (int)number + 1;

	return (int)number;
}

#ifdef EXTRACOLORMAPLUMPS
const char *R_NameForColormap(extracolormap_t *extra_colormap)
{
	if (!extra_colormap)
		return "NONE";

	if (extra_colormap->lump == LUMPERROR)
		return "INLEVEL";

	return extra_colormap->lumpname;
}
#endif

//
// R_InitTextureData
//
// Locates all the lumps that will be used by all views
// Must be called after W_Init.
//
void R_InitTextureData(void)
{
	CONS_Printf("R_LoadTextures()...\n");
	R_LoadTextures();

	CONS_Printf("P_InitPicAnims()...\n");
	P_InitPicAnims();

	CONS_Printf("K_InitBrightmaps()...\n");
	K_InitBrightmaps();
}

//
// R_PrecacheLevel
//
// Preloads all relevant graphics for the level.
//
void R_PrecacheLevel(void)
{
	char *texturepresent, *spritepresent;
	size_t i, j, k;
	lumpnum_t lump;

	thinker_t *th;
	spriteframe_t *sf;

	if (demo.playback)
		return;

	// do not flush the memory, Z_Malloc twice with same user will cause error in Z_CheckHeap()
	if (rendermode != render_soft)
		return;

	// Precache flats.
	flatmemory = P_PrecacheLevelFlats();

	//
	// Precache textures.
	//
	// no need to precache all software textures in 3D mode
	// (note they are still used with the reference software view)
	texturepresent = calloc(numtextures, sizeof (*texturepresent));
	if (texturepresent == NULL) I_Error("%s: Out of memory looking up textures", "R_PrecacheLevel");

	for (j = 0; j < numsides; j++)
	{
		// huh, a potential bug here????
		if (sides[j].toptexture >= 0 && sides[j].toptexture < numtextures)
			texturepresent[sides[j].toptexture] = 1;
		if (sides[j].midtexture >= 0 && sides[j].midtexture < numtextures)
			texturepresent[sides[j].midtexture] = 1;
		if (sides[j].bottomtexture >= 0 && sides[j].bottomtexture < numtextures)
			texturepresent[sides[j].bottomtexture] = 1;
	}

	// Sky texture is always present.
	// Note that F_SKY1 is the name used to indicate a sky floor/ceiling as a flat,
	// while the sky texture is stored like a wall texture, with a texture name set by the map.
	texturepresent[skytexture] = 1;

	texturememory = 0;
	for (j = 0; j < (unsigned)numtextures; j++)
	{
		if (!texturepresent[j])
			continue;

		if (!texturecache[j])
			R_GenerateTexture(j);
		// pre-caching individual patches that compose textures became obsolete,
		// since we cache entire composite textures
	}
	free(texturepresent);

	//
	// Precache sprites.
	//
	spritepresent = calloc(numsprites, sizeof (*spritepresent));
	if (spritepresent == NULL) I_Error("%s: Out of memory looking up sprites", "R_PrecacheLevel");

	for (th = thlist[THINK_MOBJ].next; th != &thlist[THINK_MOBJ]; th = th->next)
		if (th->function.acp1 != (actionf_p1)P_RemoveThinkerDelayed)
			spritepresent[((mobj_t *)th)->sprite] = 1;

	spritememory = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < numsprites; i++)
	{
		if (!spritepresent[i])
			continue;

		for (j = 0; j < sprites[i].numframes; j++)
		{
			sf = &sprites[i].spriteframes[j];
#define cacheang(a) {\
		lump = sf->lumppat[a];\
		if (devparm)\
			spritememory += W_LumpLength(lump);\
		W_CachePatchNum(lump, PU_SPRITE);\
	}
			// see R_InitSprites for more about lumppat,lumpid
			switch (sf->rotate)
			{
				case SRF_SINGLE:
					cacheang(0);
					break;
				case SRF_2D:
					cacheang(2);
					cacheang(6);
					break;
				default:
					k = (sf->rotate & SRF_3DGE ? 16 : 8);
					while (k--)
						cacheang(k);
					break;
			}
#undef cacheang
		}
	}
	free(spritepresent);

	// FIXME: this is no longer correct with OpenGL render mode
	CONS_Debug(DBG_SETUP, "Precache level done:\n"
			"flatmemory:    %s k\n"
			"texturememory: %s k\n"
			"spritememory:  %s k\n", sizeu1(flatmemory>>10), sizeu2(texturememory>>10), sizeu3(spritememory>>10));
}